Ukushisela ngethusi
Izindlela zokushisela ithusi (ngokuvamile elibizwa ngokuthi ithusi elihlanzekile lezimboni) zifaka phakathi ukushisela igesi, ukushisela i-carbon arc ngesandla, ukushisela i-arc ngesandla kanye nokushisela i-argon arc ngesandla, kanti izakhiwo ezinkulu nazo zingashisela ngokuzenzakalelayo.
1. Ukushisela okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngegesi yethusi yi-butt joint, futhi i-overlap joint kanye ne-T joint kufanele kusetshenziswe kambalwa ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezintambo zokushisela zingasetshenziswa ekushiseleni ngegesi. Enye yintambo yokushisela equkethe izinto zokukhipha umoya-mpilo, njengezintambo 201 kanye no-202; enye yintambo yethusi evamile kanye nomugqa wokusika wezinto eziyisisekelo, kanti i-gas agent 301 isetshenziswa njenge-flux. Ilangabi elingathathi hlangothi kufanele lisetshenziswe lapho kushiselwa igesi ngethusi.
2. Induku yethusi yethusi 107 isetshenziselwa ukushisela i-arc ngesandla, kanti umongo wokushisela uyithusi (T2, T3). Amaphethelo okushisela kufanele ahlanzwe ngaphambi kokushisela. Uma ubukhulu bokushisela bungaphezu kuka-4 mm, ukushisa kusengaphambili kumele kushiswe ngaphambi kokushisela, futhi izinga lokushisa lokushisa kusengaphambili ngokuvamile licishe libe ngu-400 ~ 500℃. Lapho kushiselwa ngenduku yokushisela yethusi 107, ukunikezwa kwamandla kufanele kuguqulwe yi-DC.
3. Kufanele kusetshenziswe ama-arcs amafushane ngesikhathi sokushisela, futhi induku yokushisela akufanele ijike ngokuvundlile. Induku yokushisela yenza ukunyakaza okuqondile okubuyelanayo, okungathuthukisa ukwakheka kwe-weld. I-weld ende kufanele ishiselwe kancane kancane. Ijubane lokushisela kufanele lisheshe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngesikhathi sokushisela okunezingqimba eziningi, i-slag phakathi kwezingqimba kumele isuswe ngokuphelele. Ukushisela kufanele kwenziwe endaweni enomoya omuhle ukuvimbela ubuthi bethusi. Ngemva kokushisela, sebenzisa isando esinekhanda eliyisicaba ukuze uthinte i-weld ukuze ususe ukucindezeleka futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi ye-weld.
4. Ukushisela i-argon arc yethusi ngesandla. Lapho kushiselwa i-argon arc yethusi ngesandla, izintambo ezisetshenziswayo yi-wire 201 (i-wire ekhethekile yokushisela ithusi) kanye ne-wire 202, futhi kusetshenziswa ne-wire yethusi, njenge-T2.
Ngaphambi kokushisela, ifilimu ye-oxide, uwoyela kanye nokungcola okunye emaphethelweni okushisela entweni yokusebenza kanye nobuso bentambo kumele kuhlanzwe ukuze kugwenywe amaphutha afana nama-pores kanye nokufakwa kwe-slag. Izindlela zokuhlanza zifaka phakathi ukuhlanza ngomshini kanye nokuhlanza ngamakhemikhali. Lapho ubukhulu bepuleti elihlangene le-butt bungaphansi kuka-3 mm, i-bevel ayivulwa; lapho ubukhulu bepuleti bungu-3 kuya ku-10 mm, i-bevel enobunjwa buka-V iyavulwa, kanti i-engeli ye-bevel ingu-60 kuya ku-70; lapho ubukhulu bepuleti bungaphezu kuka-10 mm, i-bevel enobunjwa buka-X iyavulwa, i-engeli ye-bevel ingu-60 ~ 70; ukuze kugwenywe ukungashiselwa, imiphetho engabonakali ngokuvamile iyashiywa. Ngokusho kobukhulu bepuleti nobukhulu be-bevel, igebe lokuhlangana le-butt joint likhethwa ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-0.5 kuya ku-1.5 mm.
Ukushisela i-argon arc yethusi ngesandla kuvame ukusebenzisa uxhumano lwe-DC positive, okungukuthi, i-electrode ye-tungsten ixhunywe ku-electrode engemihle. Ukuze kususwe izimbobo zomoya futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuhlangana okuthembekile nokungena kwezimpande zokushisela, kuyadingeka ukwandisa isivinini sokushisela, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-argon, nokushisa kusengaphambili ukushisela. Uma ubukhulu bepuleti bungaphansi kuka-3 mm, izinga lokushisa lokushisa kusengaphambili lingu-150 ~ 300 ℃; uma ubukhulu bepuleti bungaphezu kuka-3 mm, izinga lokushisa lokushisa kusengaphambili lingu-350 ~ 500 ℃. Izinga lokushisa lokushisa kusengaphambili akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho izakhiwo zemishini zamajoyinti ashiselwe zizoncishiswa.
Kukhona futhi ukushisela i-arc ye-carbon carbon, kanti ama-electrode asetshenziselwa ukushisela i-arc ye-carbon afaka ama-electrode e-carbon essence nama-electrode e-graphite. Intambo yokushisela esetshenziselwa ukushisela i-arc ye-carbon carbon iyafana nalapho kushiselwa igesi. Izinto eziyisisekelo zingasetshenziswa futhi ukusika imichilo, futhi ukugeleza kwethusi njenge-gas agent 301 kungasetshenziswa.
Ukushisela ngethusi
1. Izindlela zokushisela ngethusi zifaka: ukushisela ngegesi, ukushisela nge-carbon arc, ukushisela nge-arc ngesandla kanye nokushisela nge-argon arc. 1. Ukushisela ngegesi kwethusi Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa lelangabi lokushisela ngegesi liphansi, ukuhwamuka kwe-zinc kuthusi ngesikhathi sokushisela kuncane kunalapho usebenzisa ukushisela ngogesi, ngakho-ke ukushisela ngegesi kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ekushiseleni ngethusi (ngiyabonga ngokunaka i-Dingding Automatic Welding).
Izintambo zokushisela ezisetshenziselwa ukushisela igesi yethusi zifaka: ucingo 221, ucingo 222 kanye nocingo 224. Lezi zintambo zokushisela ziqukethe izinto ezifana ne-silicon, i-tin, insimbi, njll., ezingavimbela futhi zinciphise ukuhwamuka nokushiswa kwe-zinc echibini elincibilikisiwe, futhi zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukushisela. Ukusebenza kahle nokuvimbela imigodi yomoya. Ama-fluxes avame ukusetshenziswa ekushiseleni igesi ithusi afaka phakathi i-solid powder kanye ne-gas flux. I-gas flux iqukethe i-boric acid methyl fat kanye ne-methanol; ama-fluxes afana ne-gas agent 301.
2. Ukushisela ithusi ngesandla Ngaphezu kwethusi 227 kanye nethusi 237, izinduku zokushisela ezenziwe ekhaya zingasetshenziswa futhi ekushiseleni ithusi.
Lapho kushintshwa i-arc yethusi, kufanele kusetshenziswe indlela yokuxhumanisa ye-DC power supply positive futhi induku yokushintshwa kufanele ixhunywe ku-electrode engemihle. Ubuso be-weldment kufanele buhlanzwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokushintshwa. I-engeli ye-bevel ngokuvamile akufanele ibe ngaphansi kwama-60 ~ 70o. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukwakheka kwe-weld, izingxenye ezishisiwe kufanele zishiswe ku-150 ~ 250℃. Ukushintshwa kwe-arc okufushane kufanele kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngaphandle kokujikijela okuvundlile noma phambili nangemuva, ukunyakaza okuqondile kuphela, kanye nesivinini sokushintshwa kufanele sibe phezulu. Izingxenye ezishisiwe ngethusi ezithintana nemidiya egqwalisayo njengamanzi olwandle kanye ne-ammonia kumele zifakwe emanzini abandayo ngemva kokushintshwa ukuze kuqedwe ukucindezeleka kokushintshwa.
3. Ukushisela i-argon arc yethusi ngesandla. Ukushisela i-argon arc yethusi ngesandla kungasebenzisa izintambo zethusi ezijwayelekile: ucingo 221, ucingo 222 kanye nocingo 224, futhi izinto ezinezingxenye ezifanayo nezinto eziyisisekelo zingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokugcwalisa.
Ukushisela kungenziwa ngogesi oqondile noma nge-AC. Uma usebenzisa ukushisela kwe-AC, ukuhwamuka kwe-zinc kulula kunalapho ugesi oqondile uxhunyiwe. Ngokuvamile, ukushisa kusengaphambili akudingekile ngaphambi kokushisela, futhi ukushisa kusengaphambili kwenzeka kuphela uma ubukhulu bepuleti bukhulu kakhulu. Ijubane lokushisela kufanele libe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemva kokushisela, izingxenye ezishisiwe kufanele zishiswe ku-300 ~ 400℃ ukuze kufakwe i-annealing ukuze kuqedwe ukucindezeleka kokushisela ukuvimbela imifantu ezingxenyeni ezishisiwe ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
4. Ukushisela i-arc yekhabhoni yethusi Lapho kukhethwa izintambo zokushisela i-arc yekhabhoni yethusi, intambo 221, intambo 222, intambo 224 kanye nezinye izintambo zokushisela ngokuya ngokwakheka kwezinto eziyisisekelo. Ungasebenzisa futhi izintambo zokushisela zethusi ezenziwe ekhaya ukushisela. I-gas agent 301 noma okunye okunjalo kungasetshenziswa njengendlela yokushintshashintsha ekushiseni. Ukushisela kufanele kusebenze i-arc emfushane ukuze kuncishiswe ukuhwamuka kwe-zinc kanye nomonakalo wokusha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-10-2025